Hog dehairing and scraping machine.



L. A". KRAMER.

HOG D EHAI'RING AND SCBAPINGMACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED ram/19.1911.

5 SHEETS-SHEET Patented 1m 11,1917:

L A. KRAMER. HOG DEHAJRING AND SCRAPING MACHINE- APPLICATION men MAYIQ. 1911.

mama Dec 11,1911,

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APPLICATJON FILED MAYIQ; 59H- 'Paten Dec. 11, 1917..

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L. A. KRAMER.

HOG DEHAiRING AND SCRAPING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED MAYIQ. um.

Patanted Dec, 11, 1917.

L. A. KRAMER. HOG DEHAIRING AND son/mus MACHINE.

. AFPLFCATION FILED HAYIQ I917. 1,249,776. Patented Dec 11,1917.

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To'cll whom it may concern:

- Be it known that l, Louis A. KRAMER, a citizen of the United States, residing at I Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of lid llllinois, have invented certain new and usefull improvements in Hog Dehairing and Scraping Machines; and l do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to careaes-dehairing' and polishing machines of the general class commonly used for scraping and polishing I it hogs, and ot the class employing impact heaters for the dehairing. .1 the machines heretofore constructed for this purpose, it has been customaiy either to drag the hog through the machine with a chain or the like attached to the hog by means of a hook or shackle, or to teed. the hog through the machine without positively gripping it. V Zith the former method, an extra man is required at the scalding tub to aiiix the hook or shackle to the hog, and if the animal is hooked in the jaw, the tongue is apt to be damaged and liable/to be rejected by the Government inspector, thereby causing aconsiderable loss. Likewise, the foot gripped or hooked by the drag means is apt to be damagedv and rejected as inedible, and in any case, the transfer oi the hook or other gripping means from one animal to another 18 directly contrary to the tendencies of modern sanitatimn n the other hand, it the SSXZHJHIO machine 1S so constructed as to feed the hog through it by gravity, the

rate of travel will depend on the weight of the hog; hence, a heavy hog may pass en tirely through the machine before it is propyerly dehaired, While a light hog will Waste both time and power in being subjected to a needlessly long treatment by the dehairing heaters. Moreover, an edective dehairing can only be obtained by turning and shifting the hog so as successively to expose all surface portions to the scrapers. Where the hog is hooked, special means must be provided for rotating it. (in the other hand, it the heaters alone are expected to rotate the hog, their effect in this'respect will vary considerably with the size and weight of the hog: Consequently, the scraping or dehairing achines heretofore on the market have been irregular in the results Application flied May '19, 1917. Serial No. manta specification 01 Letters Patent. V Patented Dec. 11L, 1H1 "7,

produced by the same and, to a large extent,

have-required an excessive number of attendants for a rather moderate output, be-

sides requiring auxiliary mechanisms for delivering the hogs to and from the machines.

The neral object of my invention includes tie surmountin of these objections, particularly by providing a machine which will automatically take the hog ,right from the scalding tub without hooking or in any way injuring it, which will feed the hog through the machine positively and in a predetermined time, and which, will provide for an effective rotating of the hog While the latter is being scraped. More particularly,

.my invention aims to provide means for permitting a limited movement of the hog durmeans the one to which my invention should be limited.

In the drawings, Figure 1 isa rear elevation of my dehairing machine, with a portion of the scalding trough cut away.

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section through the machine along the line 2- 2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal and vertical section through the machine along the line 33 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is an end elevation of the machine, taken from the right hand end of Fig. l.

. Fig. 5 is an enlarged fragmentary vertical section through a pair of heaters and the parts adjacent thereto.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged fragmentary vertical section taken longitudinally of the machine along the line 6 6 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 7 is a bottom plan View of the same parts.

In the embodiment of the drawings, my invention consists essentially of. a frame 1 and a, scalding trough 2 supporting drive chain shafts 3, each of which shafts carries a plurality of spaced sprockets 4. The sprockets on the respective shaftsare alined-in rows extending longitudinally of the machine, and the sprockets on each shaft are intermeshed with conveyer chains 5 dipping into the water 6 within the trough 2 and'guided on their lower. stretch by guides 7. Each of the said chains carries a series of projecting arms 8, spaced by .a distance corresponding roughly to the extreme diameter of the largest hog which the machine is expected to handle. Each sucharm reaches out sufficiently far to engage a hog in the scalding trough when the hog is floatedup against the chain as shown in Fig. 3, so that the continuous movement of the chain will carry the hog through the frame of the; machine and drop it upon a chute 9 leading to the delivery board 10 as shown at machine in Fig. 3.

Mounted on shafts 11 also extending transversely of the frame of the machine are impact members, each of which as here shown consists of three flexible heaters 12 fitted respectively near their outer ends with a number of'metal scrapers 13 and attached at their inner ends to collars 14. These beater shafts 11 also desirably carry auxiliary or idler sprockets 15 for supporting the upper stretches of the chains 5 and these sprockets are preferably spaced from the heaters by flanges 16 of suchdiameter as to project upward beyond the tops of the chains and of the beater collars 14;. With the parts thus arranged, it will beobvious from Fig. 3 that'a hog floated up to the will be carried up on the incline of the conveyer and through the machine-past the successive shafts 3; As soon as the hog comes within range of the tips of the heaters, which are carried by rapidly rotating shafts, the metal scrapers on these heaters will begin to dehair the hog and at the same time will tend to rotate the hog. More particularly, the heaters shown at the righthand end of the machine in to slide the hog on the chains toward the left and against the arms or stops 8; then, when the hog is approximately over the beater shaft, the beaters'will tend to raise the hog off the chains, thereby enabling the rotating effect of the impact'of the heaters to t'urn'the hog more freely; and finally,

will give taps of increasing gentleness to the hog as the latter moves out of range of the heaters and rolls against the arms 8". Thus, the lifting action of the heaters will aid the turning action of the same in rotating the hog so as to present continually changing surface portions to the scrapers, while the excess of width of the frame over the length of the hog will permit a limited endwise motion of the latter which also aids in carrying the surface portions engaged by the the left of the Fig. 3 will at first tend each set of heaters. However, since each hog can only move back and forth between the adjacent sets of spacer arms 8, I can positively control the rate at which the hog passes throughthe machine as a whole, as well' as the amount of beating to which it is subjected during this passage, it being obvious that both can be effectively carried by simply varying the speed at which the shafts 3 and 11' .are driven.

To remove the hairs and other particles loosened by the heaters and scrapers, I desirably provide a spray of water 17 issuing from a perforated pipe 18 into which it is pumped from a drain tank 19 bya power-driven pump 20. This tank is machine under a funnel 21which catches all of the drippings and scrapings fromthe hogs and from which funnel the hair is removed by a screw-.- conveyer 22, while the water drains through a screen 23 I claim as my invention: l. A hog scrapin machine including a scalding tank, a p urality of horizontal shafts disposed in substantially a common plane above the level of the liquid in the latter, scraping members carried by the respective shafts, and means independent of gravity for conveying a hog from the scalding tank and past all of the said shafts; the said means including inclined and parallel conveyer sections extending from below the 'level of the liquid in the tank to a second into the .tank 19. v I

projecting above the path in which the lowermost portions of the hog are moved, and thereby adapted (to lift and rotate the hog While passing directly over the shaft.

3. Hog scraping mechanism as per claim 2,

porarily relieving the chains of'the eight Weight of the hogs during a portion of the of @he hogs du'rlng a portion of the con conveying, and means projecting above said y 1 v v guides and operating independently of the 17. In a machine aspe-r claim 11, guides scraper members for rotating thehogs. 5 adjacent to the' -chain s 41nd arranged for Signed at Chicago, May 15th, 1917.

temporarily re1ieving 11he \cheinsof the LOUIS A. KRAMER. 

